The article reveals the possibilities of an integrated approach in pedagogy in the 1917 – 1931 years, which made it possible to realize the idea of interaction between the arts. Based on the periodization of M. M. Pistrak, the stages of development of the programs of the Soviet school in 1917 – 1931 are distinguished and the connection of these stages with the idea of interaction of arts is revealed. The author refers to the activities of A. V. Bakushinsky, P. P. Blonsky, N. Ya. Bryusova, V. N. Shatskaya, revealing their contribution to the creation of new complex programs, views on the role of musical and aesthetic education in a unified labor school, in the development of the idea of interaction of arts in school music education.

The article raises the question of the relevance of the problem of students ' adaptation to the conditions of the educational process, the need to create psychological and pedagogical conditions for the success of this adaptation. The authors analyze the approaches of teachers and psychologists to understanding the phenomenon of social adaptation. Based on the conducted empirical research, the components of successful adaptation are identified. The role of psychological and pedagogical conditions in the process of adaptation is revealed. The specificity of psychological and pedagogical conditions of adaptation of first-year students to the conditions of training in College is characterized.

In this study, an attempt is made to systematize the existing approaches to assessing the quality of the result of students ' training. An algorithm of the methodology for evaluating the result of mastering the competencies of students at technical universities is proposed. The most significant scientific and practical results obtained during the study is the author's interpretation of the measurement of the formation of universal, general professional and professional competencies. The presented results and conclusions of the study make it possible to formulate recommendations for assessing the quality of the results of students ' training in the professional education system. The practical significance lies in the fact that a methodology for measuring the formation of competencies has been developed, which can be used to determine the results of mastering the competencies of the current, intermediate and final types of control.

The article presents some theoretical and practical materials on the topical issue of perfecting the process of training prospective teachers at the university. The author views individualization as a theoretical foundation of the training, and describes her vision of the concept of “individualization of training”. The article also deals with the author’s principles of training, which are believed to be appropriate for training prospective teachers, and describes some of the author’s methods of individualization of education.

The article is devoted to the universalization of qualifications, which is currently one of the most professionally significant personal qualities. The importance of universality lies in the fact that a modern graduate will have to work in an innovatively developing production, which implies the constant development of new competencies, activities, and personal selfdevelopment. One of the important conditions for the formation and development of professional universality is the formation of innovative competence in the competence-contextual approach in dual interaction based on design and creative activities.

The article attempts to reveal some modern features of the pedagogical activity of physical training teachers of educational institutions of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. In particular, the possibilities of forming positive motivation among cadets and listeners for physical training and a healthy lifestyle are considered. Topical issues of the pedagogical process within the discipline «Physical training» are considered. The relationship has been determined between the components of pedagogical activity, aimed at increasing the efficiency of the process of forming motivation in the considered category of students.

Based on the theoretical analysis, the author attempts to identify the essential characteristics of the concept of "digital teacher", the specifics of professional training of the future digital teacher in a modern university in the context of distance learning format. The aim of the study was to study the personal attitude of students of pedagogical specialties to distance learning, the relevance of the "digital teacher" trajectory among other personally significant trajectories of professional development of future teachers. The results of a comparative empirical study conducted with students at the Pedagogical Institute of the Belgorod National Research University in 2019 and 2020 are presented. The tendency of increasing the priority of distance learning format and the trajectory of "digital teacher" among junior students is revealed.

The article presents the description of practical tasks aimed at the forming of actual management skills for the students studying recruitment. The above-mentioned tasks were successfully approbated by the author with the students of Institute of Economics and Management in Vladimir State University.

The article describes and analyzes the application of the technology of mental maps in Teaching Life Safety for students – the future bachelors of adaptive physical culture. The specific features of the use of mental maps in the professional education of bachelors of this direction of training are revealed. Analysis of the strengths and weaknesses of implementation of mental maps creation technology was carried out on the basis of students and teachers’ survey.

The paper deals with professional training of higher school institutions teachers. The purpose of the study is to identify the degree of research competencies formation among modern teachers (using the example of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic). The study is based on a comparative analysis of the theoretical and interpretive design of the educational process in the universities of the KBR. 40 teachers from several universities in Nalchik participated as key informants. A semi-structured interview was used to collect material. The data obtained are compared with information extracted from the theoretical literature on this topic.

The article presents the results of an experimental study carried out by the method of a questionnaire survey, devoted to the study of gender differences in modern youth in their first experience with alcohol. The respondents were 82 students of the humanitarian direction of education of the Vladimir State University. It was found that boys are more active in their desire to get acquainted with alcohol than girls, although the difference is not statistically significant.

The article considers the methodological foundations, based on which the authors propose to consider the main manifestations of the development process in childhood, applying to them the genetic principle introduced into psychology by L. S. Vygotsky. The variability of manifestations of development enables the evaluation of the activity approach in option theory of P. Y. Galperin, according to which the value are first of all those manifestations of development, which are fixed and demanded in the personal experience of the trainees.

The relevance of the work is determined by the increasing number of children with speech pathology, which raises the questions on the agenda of psychological and pedagogical science to increase the effectiveness of the pedagogical impact of the educational environment, including the family. The aim of the study was to determine the relationship between the mental development of preschool children with speech pathology and the emotional characteristics of mothers. The hypothesis of the study was formulated as follows: the psychoemotional characteristics of preschool children with speech pathology are probably interrelated with the child-mother relationship, the level of development of the mother's emotional intelligence and the features of emotional interactions in the "mother – child" dyad. Several methods were applied, namely: observation, included observation, psychodiagnostic methods of cognitive and emotional personality spheres, the style of parents upbringing and emotional intellect. It is proved that the psychoemotional features of preschool children with speech pathology are related to the level of development of emotional intelligence of mothers, the features of emotional interaction and emotional upbringing used by mothers.

The article considers the concept of cooperation competence, develops criteria and indicators for assessing cooperation competence, and selects methods for its assessment.

The attempt of the paper is to give definition mentoring as an educational and psychological phenomenon. The article also covers the main reasons for the absence of the conventional definition of the term “mentoring” in modern science. The main stages of mentoring relationships are enumerated, and their description is given. The article also contains the information on the main types of mentoring known to the scientific circles. It may be interesting for those who study education sphere and psychology of relations, comparative education.